English Indices of Deprivation and the Index of Multiple Deprivation

What are the English Indices of Deprivation?

The English Indices of Deprivation (IoD) are the widest-used measure of relative deprivation in small areas in England.

They have been used to guide billions of pounds in funding by government, charities and private organisations.

OCSI has co-led on the last three iterations of the English Indices of Deprivation, working alongside deprivation.org. We were commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) to develop the dataset.

We work to support organisations to apply the data to their work, helping them to target resources, evidence need and track change across neighbourhoods.

How have the English Indices of Deprivation been used?

The English Indices of Deprivation (IoD) measure relative deprivation for small areas across England, and have most recently been used to allocate billions of pounds in funding for ‘doubly-disadvantaged’ neighbourhoods as part of the government’s Pride in Place strategy.

The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) is the most known part of the suite, and combines the seven domains that make up the overall Indices. We’ve written a guide that breaks this down in more detail on our blog. As official national statistics, the IoD and IMD have been widely used across policy, funding and service planning.

Exploring and accessing the 2025 update to the IoD and IMD

The IoD 2025 update refines the 2019 approach and refreshes indicators where new sources are available.

English Indices of Deprivation 2025 is freely available to explore from gov.uk:

• English Indices of Deprivation 2025
• English Indices of Deprivation 2025: Technical Report
• English Indices of Deprivation 2025: Research Report
• English Indices of Deprivation 2025: Rural Report